Przyczyny ciśnień anormalnych w złożach ropy i gazu

Abstract

CAUSES OF ANOMALOUS PRESSURES IN OIL AND GAS DEPOSITSSummaryAnomalous pressures of and gas deposits, exceeding hydrostatic pressure, occur where basins are restricted and are found under or within feebly diagenised clays and claystones, or salt-bearing formations. Clays and claystones contain much water that is set apart during diagenesis. If this process is restricted due, for example, to highly impermeable overburden strata, the pressure of the overlying beds onto the water mass in clays is transferred through the uniform fluidal phase also onto the oil or gas deposit, or even water, thus causing an increase in pressure greater than hydrostatic pressure. Knowledge of causes of anomalous pressures is of considerable importance in search for crude oil and natural gas deposits, since knowing the facial development of beds we can judge where increased pressures may occur, thus we may foreseen the construction of bore hole to secure drilling process necessary to teach the oil or gas horizon desired.