Monitoringowe badania źródeł Wyżyny Lubelskiej i Roztocza
Abstract
Monitoring research on the springs of the Lublin Upland and Roztocze Region.
A b s t r a c t. Next to the Tatra Mountains, the Lublin Upland and Roztocze Region are areas featuring the occurrence of the most efficient springs in Poland. They are particularly fed from the Cretaceous aquifer, only in the north-western part of the region also by waters circulating in the sediments of the Palaeocene, and in the boundary zone of Roztocze and Lublin Upland – Neogene. The earlier determination of occurrence of springs commenced in 1998, involving systematic measurements of approximately 70 selected springs. Monitoring measurements covered springs distributed in all of the physico-geographic regions with yield of more than 10 dm3/s. Measurements of the yield and physicochemical properties of water were performed annually in late spring. Data concerning 60 springs were compared for the period 1998–2014. The collected hydrometric materials permit the comparison of the dynamics of the yield and properties of water quality in both temporal and spatial terms. The mean spring yield amounted to 81.2 dm3/s. The mean value from the minimum yield decreased to 59.2 dm3/s, and from maximum increased to 132.7 dm3/s. The coefficient of yield irregularity varied from 1.6 to 5.9 for 90% of the analysed springs. Spring waters were distinguished by moderate mineralisation, reaction approximate to neutral, dominance of HCO3–Ca ions, and very high quality
A b s t r a c t. Next to the Tatra Mountains, the Lublin Upland and Roztocze Region are areas featuring the occurrence of the most efficient springs in Poland. They are particularly fed from the Cretaceous aquifer, only in the north-western part of the region also by waters circulating in the sediments of the Palaeocene, and in the boundary zone of Roztocze and Lublin Upland – Neogene. The earlier determination of occurrence of springs commenced in 1998, involving systematic measurements of approximately 70 selected springs. Monitoring measurements covered springs distributed in all of the physico-geographic regions with yield of more than 10 dm3/s. Measurements of the yield and physicochemical properties of water were performed annually in late spring. Data concerning 60 springs were compared for the period 1998–2014. The collected hydrometric materials permit the comparison of the dynamics of the yield and properties of water quality in both temporal and spatial terms. The mean spring yield amounted to 81.2 dm3/s. The mean value from the minimum yield decreased to 59.2 dm3/s, and from maximum increased to 132.7 dm3/s. The coefficient of yield irregularity varied from 1.6 to 5.9 for 90% of the analysed springs. Spring waters were distinguished by moderate mineralisation, reaction approximate to neutral, dominance of HCO3–Ca ions, and very high quality