Wpływ uwarunkowań geośrodowiskowych i antropogenicznych na obecność historycznych zanieczyszczeń w podłożu klasztoru ss. Bernardynek w Krakowie

Abstract

Geoenvironmental and anthropogenic conditions and their impact on the presence of historical pollution in the substrate of the monastery of Bernardine Sisters in Krakow.A b s t r a c t. The substrate in the area of the monastery of Bernardine Sisters was analyzed based on 7small-diameter profiled mechanical holes drilled in order to determine the structure and lithology of the area and archaeological stratigraphic sequence. Based on this research, a system of archaeological strata and the presence of objects such as wall remains, and especially the relicts of the medieval drainage ditch “moat”, was established. It was assessed whether the geoenvironmental conditions are conducive to pollution occurrence and accumulation. Its major source was the Municipal Great Scales on the Main Market Square of Kraków, which functioned in the Middle Ages. To verify this thesis the indexes of sediment coming from the historical “moat” were determined (pH, Eh, EC, LOI). Similar studies were carried out to the level of “calec” for the substrate of the Monastery, erected in its vicinity. In the lithologically recognized and archaeologically interpreted layers of earth, heavy metals content was determined to distinguish anthropogenic factors and geoenvironmental conditions of the contaminants. The pollution assessment was made on the basis of a comparative analysis of the land quality, especially in the areas of silt occurrence, also in relation to the current environmental standards.