ARTYKUŁY NAUKOWE Występowanie i reżim Źródeł szczaw i wód kwasowęglowych w zlewni górnej Muszynki
Abstract
Occurrence and regimes of carbonated waters and carbonic acid water in the upper Muszynka River basin.
A b s t r a c t. CO2-reach springs are the natural treasure of the Polish Carpathians, including the research region (ca. 11.5 km2) of the Muszynka River basin, located in the areas of Tylicz-Spa and Krynica-Spa with developed mineral water industry. Previous investigations suggest that springs are partially vanishing or their hydrochemical and hydrodynamic regime is disturbed. To clear this problem, the authors analyzed periodical or stationary measurements made in the course of documenting, water producer operation, and own observations within a period of good data availability (1973–2014) for CO2-rich springs. The springs investigated in the Tylicz region are characterized by a variable and strongly time-dependent CO2 content (ranging from 352 mg/dm3 to 3 g/dm3). The discharge is relatively low and rarely exceeds 0.05 dm3/s. The research results show disappearance of two springs (T-10 and T-15) within the period of interest. Massive floods (in 1997, 1998, 2002–2004, 2010) are indicated as the probable main reason. In another three springs (T-13, T-14, T-17) the CO2 content dropped below 250 mg/dm3. The stationary measurements of two springs (Zdrój Główny and Bradowiec in Tylicz) allow concluding about poor correlation between investigated parameters (temperature, pH, CO2 content, electrical conductivity) and apparent influence of meteorological agents. Potential anthropogenic agents (borehole discharge, digging works) probably do not influence the CO2-rich spring regime or it has not been detected yet.
A b s t r a c t. CO2-reach springs are the natural treasure of the Polish Carpathians, including the research region (ca. 11.5 km2) of the Muszynka River basin, located in the areas of Tylicz-Spa and Krynica-Spa with developed mineral water industry. Previous investigations suggest that springs are partially vanishing or their hydrochemical and hydrodynamic regime is disturbed. To clear this problem, the authors analyzed periodical or stationary measurements made in the course of documenting, water producer operation, and own observations within a period of good data availability (1973–2014) for CO2-rich springs. The springs investigated in the Tylicz region are characterized by a variable and strongly time-dependent CO2 content (ranging from 352 mg/dm3 to 3 g/dm3). The discharge is relatively low and rarely exceeds 0.05 dm3/s. The research results show disappearance of two springs (T-10 and T-15) within the period of interest. Massive floods (in 1997, 1998, 2002–2004, 2010) are indicated as the probable main reason. In another three springs (T-13, T-14, T-17) the CO2 content dropped below 250 mg/dm3. The stationary measurements of two springs (Zdrój Główny and Bradowiec in Tylicz) allow concluding about poor correlation between investigated parameters (temperature, pH, CO2 content, electrical conductivity) and apparent influence of meteorological agents. Potential anthropogenic agents (borehole discharge, digging works) probably do not influence the CO2-rich spring regime or it has not been detected yet.