Przykład wyjątkowych warunków zawodnienia złoża w trzeciorzędzie limnicznym
Abstract
AN EXAMPLE OF EXCEPTIONAL CONDITIONS OF WATER FLOODING OF A DEPOSIT IN THE LIMNIC TERTIARY FORMATIONS
Summary
The article presents the example of an exceptional water flooding of a deposit occurring in the limnic Tertiary formations This is, first of all, connected with the great thicknesses of water-bearing strata occurring both at the top and at the bottom of the deposit. The deposit itself rests in a deep tectonical graben, the sides of which are built mainly of fractured, water-flooded Cretaceous and Jurassic limestones and marls.
Three water-bearing complexes forming a common hydrogeological system (Quaternary, Tertiary and Cretaceous-Jurassic) have been distinguished. The system is conditioned by the presence of numerous hydraulic connections between the individual complexes, particularly in the zones of the so-called erosional wash-outs, i.e. in the channels deeply cut into the Tertiary series and reaching, at places, the top of the Cretaceous-Jurassic formations. The presence of the hydraulic connections resulting not only from the geological structure, is also proved by the following factors: stabilization of waters in all water-bearing complexes at similar depths, analogous direction of dip of their piezometric surfaces, mutual influence observed in piezometres during pumping tests and similar chemical composition of waters of all water-bearing complexes.
In addition, lithological character of the water-bearing complexes is presented, as well as their thickness, percentage of water-bearing formations and their granulometrical composition are given. Moreover, fitration coefficients and discharge of water-bearing strata are discussed, as well as water conditions (depths of water level, water pressure, hydraulic drop, flow directions) of the individual complexes are characterized.
Summary
The article presents the example of an exceptional water flooding of a deposit occurring in the limnic Tertiary formations This is, first of all, connected with the great thicknesses of water-bearing strata occurring both at the top and at the bottom of the deposit. The deposit itself rests in a deep tectonical graben, the sides of which are built mainly of fractured, water-flooded Cretaceous and Jurassic limestones and marls.
Three water-bearing complexes forming a common hydrogeological system (Quaternary, Tertiary and Cretaceous-Jurassic) have been distinguished. The system is conditioned by the presence of numerous hydraulic connections between the individual complexes, particularly in the zones of the so-called erosional wash-outs, i.e. in the channels deeply cut into the Tertiary series and reaching, at places, the top of the Cretaceous-Jurassic formations. The presence of the hydraulic connections resulting not only from the geological structure, is also proved by the following factors: stabilization of waters in all water-bearing complexes at similar depths, analogous direction of dip of their piezometric surfaces, mutual influence observed in piezometres during pumping tests and similar chemical composition of waters of all water-bearing complexes.
In addition, lithological character of the water-bearing complexes is presented, as well as their thickness, percentage of water-bearing formations and their granulometrical composition are given. Moreover, fitration coefficients and discharge of water-bearing strata are discussed, as well as water conditions (depths of water level, water pressure, hydraulic drop, flow directions) of the individual complexes are characterized.