Analiza litofacjalna utworów siarczanowych badenu południowego obrzeżenia Gór Świętokrzyskich
Abstract
LITHOFACIES ANALYSIS OF THE BADENIAN SULFATE DEPOSITS SOUTH OF THE HOLY CROSS MTS
Summary
The Badenian (Middle Miocene) sulfate deposits along the southern slopes of the Holy Cross Mts (Fig. 1) form a constant, laterally-extended sequence of different lithofacies. Eighteen lithostratigraphic units, from a to r (Fig. 2), have been distinguished in the gypsum sections of 55 wells and 19 exposures; these units have their equivalents in the gypsum profiles - partly replaced by anhydrite and secondary gypsum - in the central and SE part of the studied area. Lithofacies study of the sulfate deposits indicates a wide range of sedimentary environments: from the subaqueous - deep and shallow water - to subaerial (Fig. 3 - 7). Shallow water lithofacies are represented by selenitic gypsum and clastic, reworked deposits. Stromatolitic and nodular gypsum deposits have been formed in subtidal to peritidal zones of sabkha-like areas. Deep water facies are: turbidites, mass flows and slumps. Fluctuation of salinity and sea level changes resulted in cyclic sedimentation of sulfate evaporites (Fig. 2). The sequence of lithofacies is oscillatory-regressive (Fig. 2). The evolution of sedimentary environment consists of seven stages, which started with subaqueous deposition and finished with subaerial exposition of the large part of studied area (Fig. 8).
Summary
The Badenian (Middle Miocene) sulfate deposits along the southern slopes of the Holy Cross Mts (Fig. 1) form a constant, laterally-extended sequence of different lithofacies. Eighteen lithostratigraphic units, from a to r (Fig. 2), have been distinguished in the gypsum sections of 55 wells and 19 exposures; these units have their equivalents in the gypsum profiles - partly replaced by anhydrite and secondary gypsum - in the central and SE part of the studied area. Lithofacies study of the sulfate deposits indicates a wide range of sedimentary environments: from the subaqueous - deep and shallow water - to subaerial (Fig. 3 - 7). Shallow water lithofacies are represented by selenitic gypsum and clastic, reworked deposits. Stromatolitic and nodular gypsum deposits have been formed in subtidal to peritidal zones of sabkha-like areas. Deep water facies are: turbidites, mass flows and slumps. Fluctuation of salinity and sea level changes resulted in cyclic sedimentation of sulfate evaporites (Fig. 2). The sequence of lithofacies is oscillatory-regressive (Fig. 2). The evolution of sedimentary environment consists of seven stages, which started with subaqueous deposition and finished with subaerial exposition of the large part of studied area (Fig. 8).