Osady czwartorzędowe południowego Spitsbergenu
Abstract
QUATERNARY INLAND SEDIMENTS OF SOUTH SPITSBERGEN.
Summary
The paper presents main results of studies of occurrence, origin and chronostratigraphy of inland Quaternary sediments of the Hornsund, Bellsund and northern Billefjorden regions in Spitsbergen (Fig. 1-5). Methods, extents and prepared geological maps presented, their advantages and disadvantages being discussed. Such maps are prepared either due to geomorphological-geological mapping on enlarged Norwegian topographical maps in scale of 1:100,000, or are photogeological maps in scale 1:10,000 with their own contour lines and resulting from analysis of Norwegian air photos and field investigations. Genetic descriptions concerned rock glaciers, taluses, raised marine beaches but also aeolian, glaciofluvial, limnic and several types of glacial sediments. Mutual relations of sediments, their radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates enabled the first chronostratigraphic correlation of glacial episodes and of separating warmer periods distinguished in each region (Fig. 5). After the Torellkjegla (Holstein) Interglacial, two glacial episodes of the Wedel Jarlsberg Land (Saalian) Glaciation and the following Bogstranda (Eemian) Interglacial were distinguished. 3 - 4 glacial episodes occurred during the Sörkapp Land (Weichsel, Vistulian) Glaciation and three during the Holocene; the last one corresponds to the Little Ice Age. Finally, a key significance of studies of Quaternary inland sediments of Spitsbergen is underlined for recognition of the Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of the Arctic. Intensified investigations of Quaternary marine sediments in fiords and around Spitsbergen are postulated, the same as correlation of results of studied inland and marine sediments in this region.
Summary
The paper presents main results of studies of occurrence, origin and chronostratigraphy of inland Quaternary sediments of the Hornsund, Bellsund and northern Billefjorden regions in Spitsbergen (Fig. 1-5). Methods, extents and prepared geological maps presented, their advantages and disadvantages being discussed. Such maps are prepared either due to geomorphological-geological mapping on enlarged Norwegian topographical maps in scale of 1:100,000, or are photogeological maps in scale 1:10,000 with their own contour lines and resulting from analysis of Norwegian air photos and field investigations. Genetic descriptions concerned rock glaciers, taluses, raised marine beaches but also aeolian, glaciofluvial, limnic and several types of glacial sediments. Mutual relations of sediments, their radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates enabled the first chronostratigraphic correlation of glacial episodes and of separating warmer periods distinguished in each region (Fig. 5). After the Torellkjegla (Holstein) Interglacial, two glacial episodes of the Wedel Jarlsberg Land (Saalian) Glaciation and the following Bogstranda (Eemian) Interglacial were distinguished. 3 - 4 glacial episodes occurred during the Sörkapp Land (Weichsel, Vistulian) Glaciation and three during the Holocene; the last one corresponds to the Little Ice Age. Finally, a key significance of studies of Quaternary inland sediments of Spitsbergen is underlined for recognition of the Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of the Arctic. Intensified investigations of Quaternary marine sediments in fiords and around Spitsbergen are postulated, the same as correlation of results of studied inland and marine sediments in this region.