O konieczności badań chemizmu i jakości wód gruntowych w otoczeniu sztucznych zbiorników wód powierzchniowych

Abstract

ON THE NECESSITY TO STUDY GROUNDWATER CHEMISTRY AND QUALITY IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF ARTIFICIAL SURFACE WATER RESERVOIRS Summary Hydrogeological surveys of areas adjoining the reservoirs at Włocławek on the Vistula River and Zegrze on Bugo-Narew River made it possible to explain the influence of damming water in a river on changes in composition and physico-chemical properties of groundwaters. The changes usually result in increase in total mineralization and share of major components of groundwaters in valley deposits. The changes in physico-chemical properties of waters, i.e. in oxidability, general hardness and temperature are also disadvantageous. They result in marked determination of quality from the point of view of use of groundwater for drinking and other purposes. The studies hitherto carried out unequivocally showed the necessity to initiate complex surveys on natural environment of river valleys as the environment should be seriously disturbed in connection with large-scale hydrotechnical building in the frame of the "Wisła Programme": In the surveying, much attention should be paid to studies on chemistry of groundwaters because of their utmost importance for the natural environment of river valleys and economy. The design of hydrogeochemical surveys of areas of future surface water reservoirs should be outlined in a way making possible appropriate recognition of natural environment of groundwaters in valley deposits, establishment of background, composition and physico-chemical properties of these waters, accurate definition of their changes, and elaboration of prognosis of major trends and magnitudes of changes in hydrochemistry due to river water damming.