Analiza zmian chemizmu wód leczniczych Ciechocinka w trakcie wieloletniej eksploatacji
Abstract
THE ANALYSIS OF REGIME CHANGES OF THE CIECHOCINEK MEDICINAL WATER DURING EXPLOITATION (CENTRAL POLAND)
Summary
The waters of Ciechocinek have been described as Cl-Na, F, Br, В brine water, hypothermal brine water and Cl-Na water. Their occurrence is associated with Jurassic and Quaternary deposits. The salinity of Ciechocinek ground waters has been known for the last several hundred years. Maximal salinity has been noted in water of Ciechocinek area and 1.5-2 kilometres to the north of the town. The mineralization of waters related to Quaternary deposits is a result of mixing with shallow brine water in the Jurassic aquifer. Сl- occurs in amounts of several tens g/dm3of water and its concentration increases with depth. The concentration of Cl- ion is more than 90% of the total amount of anions and the concetration of Na+ ion is greater than 80% of the total amount of cations concentrated in salt-waters. The Ciechocinek brine water also contains minor amounts of SO42- anions and H2S. Concentration of these compounds decreases with depth. The presence of Br- and J- anions also has been established. Medicinal waters in Ciechocinek are exploited by eight boreholes which depth is ranging from 18 to 1378 metres. Total Ciechocinek water resources are estimated to 339 m3/h. Chemical analyses that have been carried out from 1968 to 1993 indicate changes in the brine waters according to changes of groundwater regime due to exploitation. These changes include: the increase in the concentration of basic brine water components (Сl-, Na+ and SO42-) and the decrease of water pH in the deepest bore holes. Shallow waters in Jurassic aquifer (borehole no. 11) and Quaternary aquifer indicate decrease of the basic elements concentration. These changes are caused by the disturbances in natural hydrochemical balance due to several years of intensive exploitation.
Summary
The waters of Ciechocinek have been described as Cl-Na, F, Br, В brine water, hypothermal brine water and Cl-Na water. Their occurrence is associated with Jurassic and Quaternary deposits. The salinity of Ciechocinek ground waters has been known for the last several hundred years. Maximal salinity has been noted in water of Ciechocinek area and 1.5-2 kilometres to the north of the town. The mineralization of waters related to Quaternary deposits is a result of mixing with shallow brine water in the Jurassic aquifer. Сl- occurs in amounts of several tens g/dm3of water and its concentration increases with depth. The concentration of Cl- ion is more than 90% of the total amount of anions and the concetration of Na+ ion is greater than 80% of the total amount of cations concentrated in salt-waters. The Ciechocinek brine water also contains minor amounts of SO42- anions and H2S. Concentration of these compounds decreases with depth. The presence of Br- and J- anions also has been established. Medicinal waters in Ciechocinek are exploited by eight boreholes which depth is ranging from 18 to 1378 metres. Total Ciechocinek water resources are estimated to 339 m3/h. Chemical analyses that have been carried out from 1968 to 1993 indicate changes in the brine waters according to changes of groundwater regime due to exploitation. These changes include: the increase in the concentration of basic brine water components (Сl-, Na+ and SO42-) and the decrease of water pH in the deepest bore holes. Shallow waters in Jurassic aquifer (borehole no. 11) and Quaternary aquifer indicate decrease of the basic elements concentration. These changes are caused by the disturbances in natural hydrochemical balance due to several years of intensive exploitation.