Ocena skażenia środowiska regionu śląsko-krakowskiego oraz bielsko-bialskiego metalami ciężkimi przy użyciu mchu (Pleurozium schreberi) jako biowskaźnika
Abstract
Za pomocą biowskaźników można w sposób szybki i prosty ocenić stan środowiska przyrodniczego. Mech Pleurozium schreberi zastosowano do określenia zanieczyszczenia metalami ciężkimi (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb i Zn) środowiska regionu śląsko-krakowskiego oraz bielsko-bialskiego. W mchach z tego terenu średnia zawartość Cd wynosiła 2,17; Cr–6,2; Cu–9,4; Ni–2,51; Pb–69,4 i Zn–150 mg/kg. Stężenia te były z reguły kilkukrotnie wyższe niż w mchach zebranych w niezanieczyszczonych terenach północno-wschodniej Polski. Rozkład stężeń większości metali ciężkich w mchach na badanym obszarze odpowiadał rozmieszczeniu emitorów zanieczyszczeń. Najbardziej zanieczyszczona metalami była środkowa i wschodnia część województwa katowickiego.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS USING MOSS (PLEUROZIUM SCHREBERI) AS A BIOINDICATOR
Summary
The status of the environment can be simply and quickly determined with bioindicators. The moss species Pleurozium schreberi was used to indicate the air pollution by heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in southern Poland. The study sites were located in Silesia-Kraków region and in the former Bielsko-Biała province. Northeastern Poland was the control area. Average concentrations in Pleurozium schreberi collected from southern Poland were 2.17 Cd; 6.2 Cr; 9.4 Cu; 2.51 Ni; 69.4 Pb; 150 Zn mg/kg. These concentrations were several times higher than those in northeastern Poland. The spatial distribution pattern of heavy metal concentrations in the moss examined has corresponded to location of local pollution emittors. The most contaminated encampass the most industrialized central and eastern part of the Katowice province.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS USING MOSS (PLEUROZIUM SCHREBERI) AS A BIOINDICATOR
Summary
The status of the environment can be simply and quickly determined with bioindicators. The moss species Pleurozium schreberi was used to indicate the air pollution by heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in southern Poland. The study sites were located in Silesia-Kraków region and in the former Bielsko-Biała province. Northeastern Poland was the control area. Average concentrations in Pleurozium schreberi collected from southern Poland were 2.17 Cd; 6.2 Cr; 9.4 Cu; 2.51 Ni; 69.4 Pb; 150 Zn mg/kg. These concentrations were several times higher than those in northeastern Poland. The spatial distribution pattern of heavy metal concentrations in the moss examined has corresponded to location of local pollution emittors. The most contaminated encampass the most industrialized central and eastern part of the Katowice province.