Podziemne magazynowanie dwutlenku węgla
Abstract
W artykule omówiono istotne problemy związane z podziemnym magazynowaniem dwutlenku węgla. Zaprezentowano koncepcje podziemnego magazynowania, jako jeden ze sposobów bezpośredniej redukcji emisji tego gazu. Zwrócono uwagę na wydzielanie CO2 z gazów spalinowych, transport i koszty magazynowania CO2. Przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z potencjałem podziemnego magazynowania, fizycznymi i chemicznymi efektami zatłaczania, magazynowaniem w poziomach wodonośnych, w złożach węglowodorów i w pokładach węgla. Zwrócono uwagę na bezpieczeństwo oraz społeczną akceptacje takiego przedsięwzięcia. Opisano przykłady podziemnego magazynowania CO2. Scharakteryzowano wybrane europejskie programy naukowe dotyczące prezentowanej problematyki. Wskazano celowość podjęcia tematyki podziemnego magazynowania CO2 w Polsce oraz możliwość wytypowania miejsc podziemnego magazynowania tego gazu w pobliżu dużych, przemysłowych źródeł emisji.
CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION BY UNDERGROUND STORAGE
Summary
The paper presents some major problems related to underground storage of carbon dioxide. The idea of underground storage is presented as one of methods of reducing the emissions of this greenhouse gas. A special attention is paid to the issues of capturing, transportation and costs of CO2 storage. Problems with defining underground storage potential, physical and chemical effects of CO2 injection into underground reservoirs and storage in underground aquifers, hydrocarbons deposits and coal seams are discussed. The attention is also paid to safety issues as well as gaining social acceptance for such operations. Some examples of CO2underground storage operations are described; selected European R&D programmes concerning these issues are presented. It is shown that sites for underground storage of this gas may be also found in Poland in proximity of major industrial sources of its emission; thus, research on this topic is highly advisable.
CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION BY UNDERGROUND STORAGE
Summary
The paper presents some major problems related to underground storage of carbon dioxide. The idea of underground storage is presented as one of methods of reducing the emissions of this greenhouse gas. A special attention is paid to the issues of capturing, transportation and costs of CO2 storage. Problems with defining underground storage potential, physical and chemical effects of CO2 injection into underground reservoirs and storage in underground aquifers, hydrocarbons deposits and coal seams are discussed. The attention is also paid to safety issues as well as gaining social acceptance for such operations. Some examples of CO2underground storage operations are described; selected European R&D programmes concerning these issues are presented. It is shown that sites for underground storage of this gas may be also found in Poland in proximity of major industrial sources of its emission; thus, research on this topic is highly advisable.